The set command sets LOTS of options.
The show command shows their settings. show all shows all the
settings.
By default, GNUPLOT assumes the independent variable in polar plots
is in units of radians. If set angles degrees is specified before
set polar then the default range is [0:360] and the independent
variable has units of degrees. This is particularly useful for
plots of data files. The angle setting also hold for the 3-d
mapping as set via the set mapping command.
Syntax:
set angles { degrees | radians }
show angles
Arbitrary arrows can be placed on a plot using the set arrow
command.
Syntax:
set arrow {<tag>} {from <sx>,<sy>{,<sz>}}
{to <ex>,<ey>{,<ez>}} {{no}head}
set noarrow {<tag>}
show arrow
Unspecified coordinates default to 0. The x, y, and z values are in
the graph's coordinate system. The z coordinate is only used in
splot commands. <tag> is an integer that identifies the arrow. If no
tag is given, the lowest unused tag value is assigned automatically.
The tag can be used to delete or change a specific arrow. To change
any attribute of an existing arrow, use the set arrow command with
the appropriate tag, and specify the parts of the arrow to be
changed. Specifying nohead requests the arrow be drawn without a head
(yielding a line segment). By default, arrows have heads.
Arrows outside the plotted boundaries are permitted but may cause device errors.
Examples:
To set an arrow pointing from the origin to (1,2), use:
set arrow to 1,2
To set an arrow from (-10,4,2) to (-5,5,3), and tag the arrow number 3, use:
set arrow 3 from -10,4,2 to -5,5,3
To change the preceding arrow begin at 1,1,1, without an arrow head, use:
set arrow 3 from 1,1,1 nohead
To delete arrow number 2 use:
set noarrow 2
To delete all arrows use:
set noarrow
To show all arrows (in tag order) use:
show arrow
Auto scaling may be set individually on the x, y or z axis or globally on all axes. The default is to autoscale all axes.
When autoscaling, the plot range is automatically computed and the
dependent axis (y for a plot and z for splot) is scaled to
include the range of the function or data being plotted.
If autoscaling of the dependent axis (y or z) is not set, the current y or z range is used.
See set yrange or set zrange.
Autoscaling the independent variables (x for plot and x,y for
splot) is a request to set the domain to match any data file being
plotted. If there are no data files then autoscaling an independent
variable has no effect. In other words, in the absence of a data
file, functions alone do not affect the x range (or the y range if
plotting z = f(x,y)).
See set xrange, or set yrange.
The behavior of autoscaling remains consistent in parametric mode,
however, there are more dependent variables and hence more control
over x, y, and z plot scales. In parametric mode, the independent or
dummy variable is t for plots and u,v for splots. Autoscale in
parametric mode, then, controls all ranges (t, u, v, x, y, and z) and
allows x, y, and z to be fully autoscaled.
See set parametric.
Syntax:
set autoscale <axes>
set noautoscale <axes>
show autoscale
where <axes> is either x, y, z or xy. If <axes> is not given
then all axes are assumed.
Examples:
This sets autoscaling of the y axis. x axis autoscaling is not affected.
set autoscale y
This sets autoscaling of the x and y axes.
set autoscale xy
This sets autoscaling of the x, y and z axes.
set autoscale
This disables autoscaling of the x, y and z axes.
set noautoscale
This disables autoscaling of the z axis only.
set noautoscale z
When in parametric mode (set parametric) the xrange is as
fully scalable as the yrange. In other words, in parametric
mode the x axis can be automatically scaled to fit the range
of the parametric function that is being plotted. Of course,
the y axis can also be automatically scaled just as in the
non-parametric case. If autoscaling on the x axis is not set,
the current x range is used.
When there is a mix of data files and functions, the xrange of the functions is selected as that of the data files if autoscale is true for x. While this keeps the behavior compatible with non-parametric plotting, it may not be retained in the future. The problem is that, in parametric mode, the x and y ranges are not as distinguishable as in the non-parametric mode and this behavior may not be the most useful.
For completeness a last command set autoscale t is accepted.
However, the effect of this "scaling" is very minor. When
GNUPLOT determines that the t range would be empty it makes a
small adjustment if autoscaling is true. Otherwise, GNUPLOT
gives an error. Such behavior may, in fact, not be very useful
and the command set autoscale t is certainly questionable.
splot extends the above idea similarly. If autoscaling is set then
x, y, and z ranges are computed and each axis scaled to fit the
resulting data.
The set border and set noborder commands controls the display of
the plot borders for the plot and splot commands.
Syntax:
set border
set noborder
show border
The set boxwidth command is used to set the default width of
boxes in the boxes and boxerrorbars styles.
If a data file is plotted without the width being specified in the
fifth column, or a function is plotted, the width of each box is
set by the set boxwidth command. If a width is given after the
set boxwidth command then this is used as the width. Otherwise
the width of each box will be calculated automatically so that
it touches the adjacent boxes.
Syntax:
set boxwidth {<width>}
show boxwidth
To set the box width to automatic use the command
set boxwidth
GNUPLOT will vary the linetype used for each contour level when clabel is set. When this option on (the default), a legend labels each linestyle with the z level it represents.
Syntax:
set clabel
set noclabel
show clabel
GNUPLOT can clip data points and lines that are near the boundaries of a plot.
Syntax:
set clip <clip-type>
set noclip <clip-type>
show clip
Three clip types are supported by GNUPLOT: points, one, and two.
One, two, or all three clip types may be active for a single plot.
The points clip type forces GNUPLOT to clip (actually, not plot at
all) data points that fall within but too close to the boundaries
(this is so the large symbols used for points will not extend outside
the boundary lines). Without clipping points near the boundaries may
look bad; try adjusting the x and y ranges.
Setting the one clip type causes GNUPLOT to plot the line segments
which have only one of the two endpoints within the plotting region.
Only the in-range portion of the line is drawn. The alternative is to
not draw any portion of the line segment.
Some lines may have both endpoints out of range, but pass through the
plotting area. Setting the two clip-type allows the visible portion
of these lines to be drawn.
In no case is a line drawn outside the plotting area.
The defaults are noclip points, clip one, and noclip two.
To check the state of all forms of clipping, use
show clip
For backward compatibility with older versions, the following forms are also permitted.
set clip
set noclip
set clip is synonymous with set clip points. set noclip turns
off all three types of clipping.
Sets the different parameters for the contouring plot (see also contour).
Syntax:
set cntrparam { { linear | cubicspline | bspline } |
points <n> |
order <n> |
levels { [ auto ] <n> |
discrete <z1>,<z2>, ... |
incremental {<start>, <incr>{, <end>} } }
Examples:
set cntrparam bspline set cntrparam points 7 set cntrparam order 10 set cntrparam levels auto 5 # 5 automatic levels set cntrparam levels discrete .1,1/exp(1),.9 # 3 discrete at .1,.37,.9 set cntrparam levels incremental 0,.1,.4 # 5 incremental levels at 0, .1, .2, .3 and .4 set cntrparam levels 10 # sets n = 10 retaining current setting of auto, discr. and # increment's start and increment value, while changing end set cntrparam levels incremental 100,50 # set start = 100 and increment = 50, retaining n levels
This command controls the way contours are plotted. <n> should be an integral constant expression and <z1>, <z2> any constant expressions. The parameters are:
linear, cubicspline, bspline - Controls type of approximation or
interpolation. If linear, then the contours are drawn piecewise
linear, as extracted from the surface directly. If cubicspline, then
piecewise linear contours are interpolated to form a somewhat smoother
contours, but which may undulate. The third option is the uniform
bspline, which only approximates the piecewise linear data but is
guaranteed to be smoother.
points - Eventually all drawings are done with piecewise linear
strokes. This number controls the number of points used to
approximate a curve. Relevant for cubicspline and bspline modes
only.
order - Order of the bspline approximation to be used. The bigger this
order is, the smoother the resulting contour. (Of course, higher order
bspline curves will move further away from the original piecewise linear
data.) This option is relevant for bspline mode only. Allowed values are
integers in the range from 2 (linear) to 10.
levels - Number of contour levels, 'n'. Selection of the levels is
controlled by 'auto' (default), 'discrete', and 'incremental'. For 'auto',
if the surface is bounded by zmin and zmax then contours will be
generated from zmin+dz to zmax-dz in steps of size dz, where
dz = (zmax - zmin) / (levels + 1). For 'discrete', contours will be
generated at z = z1, z2 ... as specified. The number of discrete levels
is limited to MAX_DISCRETE_LEVELS, defined in plot.h to be 30. If
'incremental', contours are generated at <n> values of z beginning at
<start> and increasing by <increment>.
Enable contour drawing for surfaces. This option is available for splot
only.
Syntax:
set contour { base | surface | both }
set nocontour
If no option is provided to set contour, the default is base.
The three options specify where to draw the contours: base draws
the contours on the grid base where the x/ytics are placed, surface
draws the contours on the surfaces themselves, and both draws the
contours on both the base and the surface.
See also set cntrparam for the parameters that affect the drawing of
contours.
The set data style command changes the default plotting style
for data plots.
Syntax:
set data style
show data style
set data style <style-choice>
In the first case, set data style returns the possible style
choices: lines, points, linespoints, dots, steps,
impulses, errorbars, boxes or boxerrorbars. show data style
shows the current default plotting style for data. set data style dots
would actually change the default plotting style. See also plot.
Enables and sets the different parameters for non grid to grid data mapping.
Syntax:
set dgrid3d {,{<row_size>}{,{<col_size>}{,<norm>}}}
set nodgrid3d
Examples:
set dgrid3d 10,10,2
set dgrid3d ,,4
The first selects a grid of size 10 by 10 to be constructed and the use of L2 norm in the distance computation. The second only modifies the norm to be used to L4.
By default this option is disabled. When enabled, 3d data read from a file is always treaded as a scattered data set. A grid with dimensions derived from a bounding box of the scattered data and size as specified by the row/col_size above is created for plotting and contouring. The grid is equally spaced in x and y while the z value is computed as a weighted average of the scattered points distance to the grid points. The closer the scatter points to a grid point are the more effect they have on that grid point. The third, norm, parameter controls the "meaning" of the distance, by specifying the distance norm. This distance computation is optimized for powers of 2 norms, specifically 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16, but any nonnegative integer can be used.
This dgrid3d option is a simple low pass filter that converts scattered data to a grid data set. More sophisticated approaches to this problem exists and should be used as a preprocess to and outside gnuplot if this simple solution is found inadequate.
By default, GNUPLOT assumes that the independent variable for the
plot command is x, and the independent variables for the splot
command are x and y. They are called the dummy variables because it
is just a notation to indicate the independent variables.
The set dummy command changes these default dummy variable names.
For example, it may be more convenient to call the dummy variable t
when plotting time functions:
set dummy t
plot sin(t), cos(t)
Syntax:
set dummy <dummy-var>{,<dummy-var>}
show dummy
Examples:
set dummy u,v
set dummy ,s
to set both dummy variables to u and v or set only the second variable to s.
The set parametric command also changes the dummy variables (to t
for plot and u,v for splots).
The format of the tic-mark labels can be set with the set format
command. The default format for both axes is "%g", but other formats
such as "%.2f" or "%3.0fm" are often desirable. Anything accepted by
printf when given a double precision number, and then accepted by the
terminal, will work. In particular, the formats f, e, and g will work,
and the d, o, x, c, s, and u formats will not work.
Syntax:
set format {<axes>} {"<format-string>"}
show format
where <axes> is either x, y, z, xy, or nothing (which is the
same as xy). The length of the string representing a ticmark (after
formatting with printf) is restricted to 100 characters. If the
format string is omitted, the format will be returned to the default
"%g". For LaTeX users, the format "$%g$" is often desirable. If the
empty string "" is used, no label will be plotted with each tic,
though the tic mark will still be plotted. To eliminate all tic marks,
use set noxtics or set noytics.
See also set xtics and set ytics for more control over tic labels.
The set function style command changes the default plotting style
for functions.
Syntax:
set function style
show function style
set function style <style-choice>
In the first case, set function style returns the possible style
choices: lines, points, linespoints, dots, steps,
impulses, errorbars, boxes, or boxerrorbars.
show function style shows the current default plotting style for
functions. set function style linespoints would actually change
the default plotting style. See also plot.
The show functions command lists all user-defined functions and
their definitions.
Syntax:
show functions
The optional set grid draws a grid at the tic marks with the axis
linetype.
Syntax:
set grid
set nogrid
show grid
The set hidden3d command enables hidden line removal for explicit
surface plotting (see splot).
Hidden line removal may be used for both explicit functions and for
explicit data. It now works for parametric surfaces as well.
When this flag is set both the surface hidden portion and possibly
its hidden contours (see set contour) as well as the hidden grid will be
removed. Labels and arrows are always visible and are unaffected by this
command.
Each surface has its hidden parts removed with respect to itself and to other surfaces, if more than one surface is plotted. This mode is meaningful when surfaces are plotted using line style drawing only.
Syntax:
set hidden3d
set nohidden3d
show hidden3d
An isoline is a curve parametrized by one of the surface parameters while the other surface parameter is fixed. Isolines are a simple means to display a surface. By fixing the u parameter of surface s(u,v), the iso-u lines of the form c(v) = s(u0,v) are produced, and by fixing the v parameter, the iso-v lines of the form c(u) = s(u,v0) are produced.
The isoline density of surfaces may be changed by the set isosamples
command. By default, sampling is set to 10 isolines per u or v axis.
A higher sampling rate will produce more accurate plots, but will take
longer. This parameter has no effect on data file plotting.
Syntax:
set isosamples <iso_1> {,<iso_2>}
show isosamples
Each surface plot will have <iso_1> iso-u lines and <iso_2> iso-v lines. If you only specify <iso_1>, <iso_2> will be set to the same value as <iso_1>.
When a surface plot is being done without the removal of hidden
lines, set samples also has an effect on the number of points being
evaluated. See set samples.
The set key enables a key describing curves on a plot. By default
the key is placed in the upper right corner of the plot.
Syntax:
set key
set key <x>,<y>{,<z>}
set nokey
show key
The coordinates <x>, <y> (and <z> for splots) specify the location
of the key on the plot. The key is drawn as a sequence of lines, with
one plot described on each line. On the right hand side of each line
is a representation that attempts to mimic the way the curve is
plotted. On the left side of each line is the text description,
obtained from the plot command. See plot title to change this
description. The lines are vertically arranged so an imaginary
straight line divides the left- and right-hand sides of the key. It is
the coordinates of this line that are specified with the set key
command. In a plot, only the x and y coordinates are used to specify
the line position. For a splot, x, y and z are all being used as a
3-d location mapped using the same mapping as the plot itself to form
the required 2-d screen position of the imaginary line.
Some or all of the key may be outside of the plot boundary, although this may interfere with other labels and may cause an error on some devices.
Examples:
This places the key at the default location:
set key
This disables the key:
set nokey
This places a key at coordinates 2,3.5,2
set key 2,3.5,2
Arbitrary labels can be placed on the plot using the set label
command. If the z coordinate is given on a plot it is ignored; if
it is missing on a splot it is assumed to be 0.
Syntax:
set label {<tag>} {"<label_text>"} {at <x>,<y>{,<z>}}
{<justification>}
set nolabel {<tag>}
show label
The text defaults to "", and the position to 0,0,0. The <x>, <y>, and
<z> values are in the graph's coordinate system. The tag is an
integer that is used to identify the label. If no <tag> is given, the
lowest unused tag value is assigned automatically. The tag can be used
to delete or change a specific label. To change any attribute of an
existing label, use the set label command with the appropriate tag,
and specify the parts of the label to be changed.
By default, the text is placed flush left against the point x,y,z.
To adjust the way the label is positioned with respect to the point
x,y,z, add the parameter <justification>, which may be left, right
or center, indicating that the point is to be at the left, right or
center of the text. Labels outside the plotted boundaries are
permitted but may interfere with axes labels or other text.
Examples:
To set a label at (1,2) to "y=x" use:
set label "y=x" at 1,2
To set a label "y=x^2" with the right of the text at (2,3,4), and tag the label number 3, use:
set label 3 "y=x^2" at 2,3,4 right
To change the preceding label to center justification, use:
set label 3 center
To delete label number 2 use:
set nolabel 2
To delete all labels use:
set nolabel
To show all labels (in tag order) use:
show label
(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow \\ in a string to specify a newline.)
Log scaling may be set on the x, y, and z axes.
Syntax:
set logscale <axes> <base>
set nologscale <axes>
show logscale
where <axes> may be any combinations of x, y, and z, in any
order, and where <base> is the base of the log scaling. If <base>
is not given, then 10 is assumed. If <axes> is not given then all
three axes are assumed. The command set logscale turns on log
scaling on the specified axes, while set nologscale turns off
log scaling.
Examples:
To enable log scaling in both x and z axes:
set logscale xz
To enable scaling log base 2 of the y axis:
set logscale y 2
To disable z axis log scaling:
set nologscale z
Syntax:
set mapping { cartesian | spherical | cylindrical }
Data for splots are usually in regular Euclidean space and are
provided in Cartesian coordinates. Such 3-d data require three
coordinates (x, y and z) or one coordinate (only z) in each line in
the data file. In order to be able to use spherical or cylindrical
coordinate systems, use the set mapping command. In both cases two
coordinates are expected in each line of the data. For a spherical
coordinate system, these are theta and phi (in units as specified by
set angles) and the mapping is:
x = cos( theta ) * cos( phi )
y = sin( theta ) * cos( phi )
z = sin( phi )
For a cylindrical coordinate system, the mapping uses two variables,
theta (in units as specified by set angles) and z:
x = cos( theta )
y = sin( theta )
z = z
Again, note that mapping will affect data file splots only.
The amount of the graph that the plot takes up may be controlled to
some extent with the set offsets command. This command takes four
offset arguments: <left>, <right>, <top> and <bottom>. By default,
each offset is 0. Each offset may be a constant or an expression. Left
and right offsets are given in units of the x axis, while top and
bottom offsets are given in units of the y axis. The plot of sin(x),
displayed with offsets of 0, 0, 2, 2 will take up 1/3 of the
displayed y axis. Offsets are particularly useful with polar
coordinates as a means of compensating for aspect ratio distortion.
Offsets are ignored in splots.
Syntax:
set offsets <left>, <right>, <top>, <bottom>
show offsets
By default, plots are displayed to the standard output. The
set output command redirects the display to the specified file
or device.
Syntax:
set output {"<filename>"}
show output
The filename must be enclosed in quotes. If the filename is omitted, output will be sent to the standard output.
On machines with popen functions (UNIX), output can be piped through a shell command if the first letter of the filename is '|'. For instance,
Syntax:
set output "|lpr -Plaser filename"
set output "|lp -dlaser filename"
(On MSDOS machines, set output "prn" will direct the output to the default printer.)
The set parametric command changes the meaning of plot (splot)
from normal functions to parametric functions. The command
set noparametric changes the plotting style back to normal,
single-valued expression plotting.
In 2-d plotting, a parametric function is determined by a pair of parametric functions operating on a parameter. An example of a 2-d parametric function would be plot sin(t),cos(t) (which defines a circle).
For 3-d plotting, the surface is described as x=f(u,v), y=g(u,v), z=h(u,v). Therefore a triplet of functions are required. An example of 3-d parametric function would be cos(u)*cos(v),cos(u)*sin(v),sin(u) (which defines a sphere). It takes three parametric function specifications in terms of the parametric dummy arguments to describe a single graph.
The total set of possible plots is a superset of the simple f(x) style plots, since the two (three) functions can describe the x and y (and z) values to be computed separately. In fact, plots of the type t,f(t) (u,v,f(u,v)) are equivalent to those produced with f(x) when the x values are computed using the identity function as the first function.
Note that the order the parametric functions are specified is xfunction, yfunction (and zfunction) and that each operates over the common parametric domain.
Also, the set parametric function implies a new range of values.
Whereas the normal f(x) and f(x,y) style plotting assume an xrange
and yrange (and zrange), the parametric mode additionally specifies a
trange, urange, and vrange. These ranges may be set
directly with set trange, set urange and set vrange, or by
specifying the range on the plot or splot commands. Currently
the default range for these parametric variables is [-5:5].
Setting the ranges to something more meaningful is expected.
The set polar command changes the meaning of the plot from
rectangular coordinates to polar coordinates. In polar coordinates,
the dummy variable (x) is an angle. The range of this angle is changed
from whatever it was to [0:2*pi], or, if degree unit has been selected,
to [0:360] (see set angles).
The command set nopolar changes the meaning of the plot back to the
default rectangular coordinate system. The range of x is changed from
whatever it was to [-10:10].
The set polar command is not supported for splots. See the
set mapping command for similar functionality for splots.
While in polar coordinates the meaning of an expression in x is really
r = f(x), where x is an angle of rotation. The xrange controls the
domain (the angle) of the function, and the yrange controls the range
(the radius). The plot is plotted in a rectangular box, and the x and
y axes are both in units of the radius. Thus, the yrange controls both
dimensions of the plot output. The tics and units are written along
the axes rather than at the left and bottom. These unit are offset by
<rmin> specified by the rrange (See set rrange). It is not
possible to specify different output dimensions in the x or y
directions. The yrange can be used to shift the plot diagonally to
display only the first or third quadrants.
Syntax:
set polar
set nopolar
show polar
Example:
set polar
plot x*sin(x)
plot [-2*pi:2*pi] [-3:3] x*sin(x)
The first plot uses the default polar angular domain of 0 to 2*pi. The radius (and the size of the plot) is scaled automatically. The second plot expands the domain, and restricts the range of the radius (and the size of the plot) to [-3:3].
The set rrange command sets the radial range used to compute x and y
values when in polar mode. If not in polar mode (see set polar) then
this range is not used. Use of this command offsets the polar
singularity to the <rmin> value and shifts the units on the axes tic
marks. For instance, set rrange [-40:40] would set the origin to -40
and would plot values of radial values between -40 to 40. Thus, if
360 degrees of data were plotted, then the plot would extend 80 units
in radially from the origin. To view the entire plot, a
set yrange [-80:80] command would create a square viewport with
a circular plot tangent at the axes. Because xrange is used
specify the angular extent, only a square viewport can be specified
by yrange. For instance, set yrange [0:80] would display the
first quadrant and set yrange [-80:0] would display the third
quadrant. Any square viewport of any size can be specified but it
is constrained to be centered on a 45 degree line.
This range may also be specified on the plot command line when in
polar mode.
Syntax:
set rrange [{<rmin> : <rmax>}]
where <rmin> and <rmax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <rmin> and <rmax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set rrange [:10]
changes rmax to 10 without affecting rmin.
The sampling rate of functions may be changed by the set samples
command. By default, sampling is set to 100 points. A higher sampling
rate will produce more accurate plots, but will take longer. This
parameter no longer has any effect on data-file plotting.
Syntax:
set samples <samples_1> {,<samples_2>}
show samples
When a 2-d plot is being done, only the value of <samples_1> is relevant.
When a surface plot is being done without the removal of hidden
lines, the value of samples specifies the number of samples that are
evaluated per iso line. Each iso-v line will have <sample_1> samples
and each iso-u line will have <sample_2> samples. If you only specify
<samples_1>, <samples_2> will be set to the same value as <samples_1>.
See also set isosamples.
The set size command scales the displayed size of the plot. On some
terminals, changing the size of the plot will result in text being
misplaced. Increasing the size of the plot may produce strange
results. Decreasing is safer.
Syntax:
set size {<xscale>,<yscale>}
show size
The <xscale> and <yscale> values are the scaling factors for the size. The defaults (1,1) are selected if the scaling factors are omitted.
Examples:
To set the size to normal size use:
set size
To make the plot half size use:
set size 0.5,0.5
To make a landscape plot have a 1:1 aspect ratio in polar mode use:
set size 0.721,1.0
To show the size use:
show size
For the LaTeX and Fig terminals the default size (scale factor 1,1)
is 5 inches wide by 3 inches high. The big Fig terminal (bfig) is 7
inches wide by 5 inches high. The postscript default is landscape mode
10 inches wide and 7 inches high.
Note that the size of the plot includes the space used by the labels;
the plotting area itself is smaller.
Plots may be displayed in one of eight styles: lines, points,
linespoints, impulses, dots, steps, errorbars, boxes, or
boxerrorbars. The lines style connects adjacent points with lines.
The points style displays a small symbol at each point.
The linespoints style does both lines and points.
The impulses style displays a vertical line from the x axis
(or from the grid base for splot) to each point. The dots style
plots a tiny dot at each point; this is useful for
scatter plots with many points.
The errorbars style is only relevant to 2-d data file plotting. It
is treated like points for splots and function plots. For data
plots, errorbars is like points, except that a vertical error
bar is also drawn: for each point (x,y), a line is drawn from
(x,ylow) to (x,yhigh). A tic mark is placed at the ends of the error
bar. The ylow and yhigh values are read from the data file's columns,
as specified with the using option to plot. See plot errorbars for
more information.
The boxes style is only relevant to 2-d plotting. It draws
a box centred about the given x coordinate from the yaxis to the given
y coordinate. The width of the box is obtained in one of three
ways. If a data file has a fifth column, this will be used to set
the width of the box. Otherwise, if a width has been set using the
set boxwidth command, this will be used. Otherwise the width of each
box will be calculated automatically so that it touches the adjacent
boxes. Another style called boxerrorbars is also available and is
only relevant to 2-d data file plotting. This style is a combination
of the boxes and errorbars styles.
The steps style is only relevant to 2-d plotting. This style
connects consecutive points with two line segments: the first
from (x1,y1) to (x2,y1) and the second from (x2,y1) to (x2,y2).
Default styles are chosen with the set function style and
set data style commands. See plot style for information about
how to override the default plotting style for individual functions.
Syntax:
set function style <style>
set data style <style>
show function style
show data style
where <style> is lines, points, linespoints, impulses,
dots, steps, errorbars, boxes, or boxerrorbars.
set surface controls the display of surfaces. It is useful if
contours are to be displayed by themselves. Whenever set nosurface
is issued, no surface isolines/mesh will be drawn. See also
set contour.
Syntax:
set surface
set nosurface
show surface
GNUPLOT supports many different graphics devices. Use the
set terminal command to select the type of device for which
GNUPLOT will produce output.
Syntax:
set terminal {<terminal-type>}
show terminal
If <terminal-type> is omitted, GNUPLOT will list the available terminal types. <terminal-type> may be abbreviated.
Use set output to redirect this output to a file or device.
Several terminals have additional options. For example, see dumb,
iris4d, hpljii or postscript.
Several options may be set in the Adobe Illustrator 3.0 driver.
Syntax:
set terminal aifm {<color>}
{"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
Selecting default sets all options to their default values.
<color> is either color or monochrome.
"<fontname>" is the name of a valid PostScript font.
<fontsize> is the size of the font in PostScript points, before
scaling by the set size command.
Defaults are monochrome, "Helvetica", and 14pt.
Also, since AI does not really support multiple pages, multiple graphs will be output directly on one another. However, each graph will be grouped individually, making it easy to separate them inside AI (just pick them up and move them).
Examples:
set term aifm
set term aifm 22
set size 0.7,1.4
set term aifm color "Times-Roman" 14
The atari terminal has an option to set the character size and the
screen colors. The driver expects a space separated list the char size
and maximal 16 3 digit hex numbers where each digit represents RED, GREEN
and BLUE (in that order). The range of 0-15 is scaled to whatever color
range the screen actually has. On a normal ST screen, odd and even
intensities are the same.
Examples:
set terminal atari 4 # (use small (6x6) font)
set terminal atari 6 0 # (set monochrome screen to white on black)
set terminal atari 13 0 fff f00 f0 f ff f0f ff0
# (set first eight colors to black, white, green, blue, cyan, \
purple, and yellow and use large font (8x16).)
Additionally, if an environment variable GNUCOLORS exists, its contents are interpreted as an options string, but an explicit terminal option takes precedence.
The dumb terminal driver has an optional size specification.
Syntax:
set terminal dumb {<xsize> <ysize>}
where <xsize> and <ysize> set the size of the dumb terminals. Default is 79 by 24.
Examples:
set term dumb
set term dumb 79 49 # VGA screen--why would anyone want to do that?
This set of drivers support Epson printers and derivatives. See also
the NEC driver. epson is a generic 9 wire printer with a resolution
of 512x384. starc is a Star Color printer with the same resolution.
epson180 and epson60 are 180 dpi and 60 dpi drivers for newer
24 wire printers. This also includes bubble jet printers. Their
resolutions are 1260x1080 and 480x360, respectively. The tandy60
is identical to the epson60 driver with one additional escape
sequence to start IBM mode. With all of these drivers, a binary
copy is required on a PC to print. Do not use print.
copy file /b lpt1:
This driver is only known to work the Free Software Foundation gpic/groff package. Modification for the Document Workbench pic/troff package would be appreciated. FSF gpic can also produce TeX output.
A simple graph can be formatted using
groff -p -mpic -Tps file.pic > file.ps.
The output from pic can be pipe-lined into eqn, so it is possible to put complex functions in a graph with the set label and set {x/y}label commands. For instance,
set ylab '@space 0 int from 0 to x alpha ( t ) roman d t@'
Will label the y-axis with a nice integral if formatted with the command:
gpic filename.pic | geqn -d@@ -Tps | groff -m[macro-package] -Tps
> filename.ps
Figures made this way can be scaled to fit into a document. The pic language is easy to understand, so the graphs can be edited by hand if need be. All coordinates in the pic-file produced by gnuplot are given as x+gnuplotx and y+gnuploty. By default x and y are given the value 0 If this line is removed with an editor in a number of files one can put several graphs i one figure like this (default size is 5.0x3.0 inches)
.PS 8.0 x=0;y=3 copy "figa.pic" x=5;y=3 copy "figb.pic" x=0;y=0 copy "figc.pic" x=5;y=0 copy "figd.pic" .PE
This will produce an 8 inches wide figure with four graphs in two rows on top of each other
One can also achieve the same thing by the command
set term pic x y
For example, using
.PS 6.0 copy "trig.pic" .PE
The HP LaserJet II and HP DeskJet drivers have a single option.
Syntax:
set terminal hpljii {<resolution>}
set terminal hpdj {<resolution>}
where <resolution> is the resolution of the output in dots per inch.
It must be 75, 100, 150 or 300. Note: there must be
enough memory available to rasterize at the higher resolutions.
Example:
set terminal hpljii 150
The LaTeX and EMTeX driver allows one to specify a font type and a font size for the labels around a gnuplot graph.
Options are: Fonts:
default (Roman 10 point)
courier
roman
at any size you specify. (BEWARE METAFONT will not like odd sizes.) eg.
gnuplot> set term latex courier 5
Unless your driver is capable of building fonts at any size (e.g. dvips), stick to the standard 10, 11 and 12 point size.
The iris4d driver can operate in two modes.
Syntax:
set terminal iris4d {24}
If the hardware supports only 8 bits, use the default
set terminal iris4d. If, however, the hardware supports 24 bits
(8 per red/green/blue), use set terminal iris4d 24.
When using 24-bit mode, the colors can be directly specified via the file .gnuplot_iris4d that is searched in the current directory and then in the home directory specified by the HOME environment variable. This file holds RGB values for the background, border, labels and nine plotting colors, in that order. For example, here is a file containing the default colors:
85 85 85 /* Back Ground */
0 0 0 /* Boundary */
170 0 170 /* Labeling */
85 255 255 /* Plot Color 1 */
170 0 0 /* Plot Color 2 */
0 170 0 /* Plot Color 3 */
255 85 255 /* Plot Color 4 */
255 255 85 /* Plot Color 5 */
255 85 85 /* Plot Color 6 */
85 255 85 /* Plot Color 7 */
0 170 170 /* Plot Color 8 */
170 170 0 /* Plot Color 9 */
This file has exactly 12 lines of RGB triples. No empty lines are allowed and anything after the third number in line is ignored.
The mf terminal driver creates a input file to the MetaFont program. Thus a figure may be used in the TeX document in the same way as a character is.
To use the plot in a document the MetaFont program must be run with the output file from GnuPlot as input. Thus, the user needs a basic knowledge of the font creating process and inclusion of a new font in a document. However, if the Metafont program is set up properly at the local site an unexperienced user could perform the operation without much trouble.
The text support is based on a MetaFont character set. Currently the Computer Modern Roman font set is input but the user are in principal free to chose whatever fonts he/she needs. The MetaFont source files for the chosen font must be available. Each character is stored in a separate picture variable in MetaFont. These variables may be manipulated (rotated, scaled etc.) when characters are needed. The drawback is the interpretation time in the MetaFont program. On some machines (i.e. PC) the limited amount of memory available may also cause problem if too many pictures are stored.
- Set your terminal to metafont:
set terminal mf
- Select an output-file, e.g.:
set output "myfigures.mf"
- Do your plots. Each plot will generate a separate character. Its default size will be 5*3 inches. You can change the size by saying set size 0.5,0.5 or whatever fraction of the default size you want to have.
- Quit gnuplot.
- Generate a tfm- and gf-file by running metafont on the output of gnuplot. Since the plot is quite large (5*3 in), you will have to use a version of metafont that has a value of at least 150000 for memmax. On Unix-systems these are conventionally installed under the name bigmf. For the following assume that the command virmf stands for a big version of metafont. For example:
- Invoke metafont:
virmf '&plain'
- Select the output device: At the metafont prompt ('*') type:
\mode:=CanonCX; % or whatever printer you use
- Optionally select a magnification:
mag:=1; % or whatever you wish
- Input the gnuplot-file:
input myfigures.mf
On a typical Unix machine there will usually be a script called mf that executes virmf '&plain', so you probably can substitute mf for virmf &plain. This will generate two files: mfput.tfm and mfput.$$$gf (where $$$ indicates the resolution of your device). The above can be conveniently achieved by typing everything on the command line, e.g.: virmf '&plain' '\mode:=CanonCX; mag:=1; input myfigures.mf' In this case the output files will be named myfigures.tfm and myfigures.300gf.
- Generate a pk-file from the gf-file using gftopk:
gftopk myfigures.300gf myfigures.300pk
The name of the output-file for gftopk depends on the dvi-driver you use. Ask your local TeX-administrator about the naming conventions. Next, either install the tfm- and pk-files in the appropriate directories, or set your environment-variables properly. Usually this involves setting TEXFONTS to include the current directory and do the same thing for the environment-variable that your dvi-driver uses (no standard name here...). This step is necessary so that TeX will find the font-metric file and your dvi-driver will find the pk-file.
- To include your plots in your document you have to tell TeX the font:
\font\gnufigs=myfigures
Each plot you made is stored in a single character. The first plot is character 0, the second is character 1, and so on... After doing the above step you can use the plots just like any other characters. Therefore, to place plots 1 and 2 centered in your document, all you have to do is:
\centerline{\gnufigs\char0}
\centerline{\gnufigs\char1}
in plain TeX. For LaTeX you can, of course, use the picture environment and place the plot according to your wishes using the \makebox and \put macros.
It saves you a lot of time, once you have generated the font, since TeX handles the plots as characters and uses minimal time to place them. Also the documents you make change more often, than the plots do. Also it saves a lot of TeX-memory. One last advantage of using the metafont-driver is that the dvi-file really remains device independent, because no \special-commands are used as in the eepic- and tpic-drivers.
Several options may be set in the MIF 3.00 driver.
Syntax:
set terminal mif {<pentype>} {<curvetype>} {<help>}
<pentype> selects "colour" of the graphics.
colour plot lines with line types >= 0 in colour (MIF sep. 2-7).
monochrome plot all line types in black (MIF sep. 0).
<curvetype> selects how "curves" are plotted.
polyline plot curves as continuous curves.
vectors plot curves as collections of vectors
<help> print online help on standard error output.
help print a short description of the usage, and the options
? print a short description of the usage
This terminal driver produces Frame Maker MIF format version 3.00. It plots in MIF Frames with the size 15*10 [cm], and plot primitives with the same pen will be grouped in the same MIF group. Plot primitives in a gnuplot plot will be plotted in a MIF Frame, and several MIF Frames are collected in one large MIF Frame. Plot primitives with line types >= 0 will as default be drawn in colour. As default curves are plotted as continuous lines. The MIF font used for text is "Times".
Examples:
set term mif
set term mif vectors
set term mif help
One option may be set in the nec-cp6 driver. The resolution of this driver is 400x320.
Syntax:
set terminal nec-cp6 monochrome
set terminal nec-cp6 color
set terminal nec-cp6 draft
Several options may be set in the PBMplus driver.
Syntax:
set terminal pbm {<fontsize>} {<colormode>}
where <fontsize> is small, medium, or large and <colormode> is
monochrome, gray or color.
Default size is 640 pixels wide and 480 pixels high.
The output for monochrome is a portable bitmap (one bit per pixel).
The output for gray is a portable graymap (three bits per pixel).
The output for color is a portable pixmap (color, four bits per pixel).
The output of these drivers can be used with Jef Poskanzer's
excellent PBMPLUS package which provides programs to convert
the above PBMPLUS formats to GIF, TIFF, MacPaint, Macintosh PICT,
PCX, X11 bitmap and many others.
Examples:
set term pbm small
set size 2,2
set term pbm color medium
Three options may be set in the pcl5 driver. The driver actually uses HPGL-2 but there is a name conflict among the terminal devices.
Syntax:
set terminal pcl5 {<mode>} {<font>} {<fontsize>}
where <mode> is landscape, or portrait, <font> is stick,
univers, or cg_times, and fontsize is the size in points.
set terminal pcl5 landscape
Several options may be set in the PostScript driver.
Syntax:
set terminal postscript {<mode>} {<color>} {<dashed>}
{"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
where <mode> is landscape, portrait, eps or default.
Selecting default sets all options to their defaults.
<color> is either color or monochrome.
<dashed> is either solid or dashed.
"<fontname>" is the name of a valid PostScript font.
<fontsize> is the size of the font in PostScript points.
Defaults are landscape, monochrome, dashed, "Helvetica", and 14pt.
Default size of PostScript plot is landscape mode 10 inches wide
and 7 inches high.
To get EPS output, use the eps mode and make only one plot per file.
In eps mode the whole plot is halved in size; the fonts are half the
given size, and the plot is 5 inches wide and 3.5 inches high.
Examples:
set term postscript default # old postscript
set term postscript landscape 22 # old psbig
set term postscript eps 14 # old epsf1
set term postscript eps 22 # old epsf2
set size 0.7,1.4
set term post portrait color "Times-Roman" 14
The regis terminal device has the option of using 4 or 16
colors. The default is 4. For example:
set term regis 16
Instead of producing a picture, term type table prints out
the evaluation results in a multicolumn ASCII table of X Y Z values.
For those times when you really want to see the numbers, now you
can see them on the screen or save to a file.
Three options may be set in the windows driver.
Syntax:
set terminal windows {<color>} {"<fontname>"} {<fontsize>}
<color> is either color or monochrome.
"<fontname>" is the name of a valid Windows font.
<fontsize> is the size of the font in points.
The gnuplot graph window has the following options on a pop up menu
accessed by pressing the right mouse button or selecting Options
from the system menu:
Bring to Top when checked brings the graph window to
the top after every plot.
Color when checked enables color linestyles.
When unchecked it forces monochrome linestyles.
Copy to Clipboard copies a bitmap and a Metafile picture.
Background... sets the window background color.
Choose Font... selects the font used in the graphics window.
Line Styles... allows customization of the line colors
and styles.
Print... prints the graphics windows using a Windows printer
driver and allows selection of the printer and scaling of the output.
The output produced by Print is not as good as that from gnuplot's
own printer drivers.
Update wgnuplot.ini saves the current window locations, window
sizes, text window font, text window font size, graph window font,
graph window font size, background color and linestyles to the
initialisation file WGNUPLOT.INI.
In order of preference, graphs may be be printed in the following ways.
1. Use the gnuplot command set terminal to select a printer
and set output to redirect output to a file.
2. Select the Print... command from the gnuplot graph window.
An extra command screendump does this from the text window.
3. If set output "PRN" is used, output will go to a temporary file.
When you exit from gnuplot or when you change the output with another
set output command, a dialog box will appear for you to select
a printer port. If you choose OK, the output will be printed
on the selected port, passing unmodified through the print
manager. It is possible to accidently (or deliberately) send
printer output meant for one printer to an incompatible printer.
The gnuplot text window has the following options on a pop up menu
accessed by pressing the right mouse button or selecting Options
from the system menu:
Copy to Clipboard copies marked text to the clipboard.
Paste copies text from the clipboard as if typed by the user.
Choose Font... selects the font used in the text window.
System Colors when selected makes the text window honor the
System Colors set using the Control Panel. When unselected,
text is black or blue on a white background.
Update wgnuplot.ini saves the current text window location, text
window size, text window font and text window font size to the
initialisation file WGNUPLOT.INI.
MENU BAR
If the menu file WGNUPLOT.MNU is found in the same directory as
WGNUPLOT.EXE, then the menu specified in WGNUPLOT.MNU will
be loaded.
Menu commands are:
[Menu] Start a new menu with the name on the following line [EndMenu] End current menu. -- Insert a horizontal menu separator | Insert a vertical menu separator [Button] Put next macro on a push button instead of a menu.
Macros take two lines with the macro name (menu entry) on the first line and the macro on the second line. Leading spaces are ignored.
Macros commands are:
[INPUT] Input string with prompt terminated by [EOS] or {ENTER}
[EOS] End Of String terminator. Generates no output.
[OPEN] Get name of file to open from list box, with title of
list box terminated by [EOS], followed by default
filename terminated by [EOS] or {ENTER}
This uses COMMDLG.DLL from Windows 3.1.
[SAVE] Get name of file to save. Similar to [OPEN]
Macros character substitutions are:
{ENTER} Carriage Return '\r'
{TAB} Tab '\011'
{ESC} Escape '\033'
{^A} '\001'
...
{^_} '\031'
Macros are limited to 256 characters after expansion.
Windows gnuplot will read some of its options from the [WGNUPLOT] section
of WGNUPLOT.INI in the Windows directory.
An example WGNUPLOT.INI file is shown below.
[WGNUPLOT] TextOrigin=0 0 TextSize=640 150 TextFont=Terminal,9 GraphOrigin=0 150 GraphSize=640 330 GraphFont=Arial,10 GraphColor=1 GraphToTop=1 GraphBackground=255 255 255 Border=0 0 0 0 0 Axis=192 192 192 2 2 Line1=0 0 255 0 0 Line2=0 255 0 0 1 Line3=255 0 0 0 2 Line4=255 0 255 0 3 Line5=0 0 128 0 4
The GraphFont entry specifies the font name and size in points.
The 5 numbers given in the Border, Axis and Line entries are
the Red intensity (0-255), Green intensity, Blue intensity,
Color Linestyle and Mono Linestyle.
Linestyles are 0=SOLID, 1=DASH, 2=DOT, 3=DASHDOT, 4=DASHDOTDOT.
In the example WGNUPLOT.INI file above, Line 2 is a green solid
line in color mode, or a dashed line in monochrome mode.
The default line width is 1 pixel. If Linestyle is negative it
specifies the width of a SOLID line in pixels.
Line1 and any linestyle used with the points style must be
SOLID with unit width.
Windows 3.1 is preferred, but WGNUPLOT will run under Windows 3.0 with the following restrictions:
1. COMMDLG.DLL and SHELL.DLL (available with Windows 3.1 or Borland C++ 3.1)
must be in the windows directory.
2. WGNUPLOT.HLP produced by Borland C++ 3.1 is in Windows 3.1 format.
You need to use the WINHELP.EXE supplied with Borland C++ 3.1.
3. It won't run in real mode due to lack of memory.
4. Truetype fonts are not available in the graph window.
5. Drag-drop does not work.
By default, tics are drawn inwards from the border on all four sides.
The set tics command can be used to change the tics to be
drawn outwards on the left and bottom borders only.
This is useful when doing impulse plots.
Syntax:
set tics {<direction>}
show tics
where <direction> may be in or out. set tics defaults to in.
See also the set xtics, set ytics, and set ztics command for more
control of tic marks.
Using splot, in 3-d plots, one can adjust the relative height of the
vertical (Z) axis using set ticslevel. The numeric argument provided
specifies the location of the bottom of the scale. a zero will put it
on the bottom grid and any positive number somewhere along the z axis.
Syntax:
set ticslevel {<level>}
show tics
where <level> is a non negative numeric argument. For example,
set ticslevel 0.5
sets the tics level to the default value.
See also the set view.
The optional set time places the time and date of the plot either
at the top or bottom of the left margin. The exact location is
device dependent.
Syntax:
set time {<xoff>}{,<yoff>}
set notime
show time
Specifying constants <xoff> or <yoff> as optional offsets for the time will move the time <xoff> or <yoff> character screen coordinates. For example,
set time ,-3
will change only the y offset of the time, moving the title down by roughly the height of three characters.
The set title command produces a plot title that is centered at the
top of the plot. Using the optional x,y screen offsets, the title
can be placed anywhere on the plot. set title with no parameters
clears the title.
Syntax:
set title {"<title-text>"} {<xoff>}{,<yoff>}
show title
Specifying constants <xoff> or <yoff> as optional offsets for the title will move the title <xoff> or <yoff> character screen coordinates. Note these are screen coordinates and not plot coordinates. For example,
set title ,-1
will change only the y offset of the title, moving the title down by roughly the height of one character.
(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow \\ in a string to specify a newline.)
The set trange command sets the parametric range used to compute
x and y values when in parametric mode. If not in parametric mode
(see set parametric) then this range is not used. This command
does not affect x/y autoscaling or x/y ranges.
This range may also be specified on the plot command line when
in parametric mode.
Syntax:
set trange [{<tmin> : <tmax>}]
where <tmin> and <tmax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <tmin> and <tmax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set trange [:10]
changes tmax to 10 without affecting tmin. See also set urange and
set parametric.
The set urange and set vrange commands sets the parametric ranges used
to compute x, y, and z values when in splot parametric mode. If not in
parametric mode (see set parametric) then these ranges are not used. This
command does not affect x/y autoscaling or x/y ranges.
This range may also be specified on the splot command line when
in parametric mode. See plot for more information
Syntax:
set urange [{<umin> : <umax>}]
where <umin> and <umax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <umin> and <umax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set urange [:10]
changes umax to 10 without affecting umin. See also set trange.
The show variables command lists all user-defined variables and
their values.
Syntax:
show variables
The set view command sets the view point for splots. This
command controls the way the 3-d coordinates of the plot are mapped
into the 2-d screen space. This command provides controls to both
rotation and scaling of the plotted data but supports orthographic
projections only.
Syntax:
set view <rot_x> {,{<rot_z>}{,{<scale>}{,<scale_z>}}}
show view
where <rot_x> and <rot_z> control the rotation angles (in degrees)
along a virtual 3-d coordinate system aligned with the screen such
that the screen horizontal axis is x, screen vertical axis is y, and
the axis perpendicular to the screen is z. <rot_x> is bounded to the
[0:180] range with a default of 60 degrees, while <rot_z> is bounded
to the [0:360] range with a default of 30 degrees. <scale> controls
the scaling of the entire splot, while <scale_z> scales the z axis
only. Both scales default to 1.0.
Examples:
set view 60, 30, 1, 1
set view ,,0.5
The first sets all the four default values. The second changes only scale, to 0.5.
See also set ticslevel.
The set vrange command is similar to the set urange command.
Please see set urange.
The set xlabel command sets the x-axis label that is centered along
the x axis. Using the optional x,y screen offsets, the label can be
placed anywhere on the plot. set xlabel with no parameters clears
the label.
Syntax:
set xlabel {"<label>"} {<xoff>}{,<yoff>}
show xlabel
Specifying constants <xoff> or <yoff> as optional offsets for the label will move the label <xoff> or <yoff> character screen coordinates. For example,
set xlabel -1
will change only the x offset of the xlabel, moving the label roughly one character width to the left.
(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow \\ in a string to specify a newline.)
The set xrange command sets the horizontal range that will be
displayed. This command turns x axis autoscaling off.
This range may also be specified on the plot command line.
Syntax:
set xrange [{<xmin> : <xmax>}]
where <xmin> and <xmax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <xmin> and <xmax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set xrange [:10]
changes xmax to 10 without affecting xmin.
Fine control of the x axis tic marks is possible with the
set xtics command. The x-axis tic marks may be turned off with the
set noxtics command. They may be turned on (the default state) with
set xtics.
Syntax:
set xtics { {<start>, <incr>{, <end>}} |
{({"<label>"} <pos> {, {"<label>"} <pos>}...)} }
set noxtics
show xtics
The <start>, <incr>, <end> form specifies that a series of tics will be plotted on the x axis between the x values <start> and <end> with an increment of <incr>. If <end> is not given it is assumed to be infinity. The increment may be negative. For example,
set xtics 0,.5,10
makes tics at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, ..., 9.5, 10.
The ("<label>" <pos>, ...) form allows arbitrary tic positions or
non-numeric tic labels. A set of tics are a set of positions, each
with its own optional label. Note that the label is a string enclosed
by quotes, and may be a constant string, such as "hello", or contain
formatting information for the tic number (which is the same as the
position), such as "%3f clients". See set format for more
information about this case. The label may even be empty.
Examples:
set xtics ("low" 0, "medium" 50, "high" 100)
set xtics (1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024)
set xtics ("bottom" 0, "" 10, "top" 20)
Tics will only be plotted when in range.
The set ytics and set noytics commands work identically.
See also the set format command.
The set xdtics commands converts the x axis tic marks to days of
the week where 0=Sun and 6=Sat. Overflows are converted modulo 7
to dates.
Examples:
set xdtics
Sets x axis tics in days.
The set ydtics set zdtics and set noydtics set nozdtics commands
work identically.
See also the set format command.
The set xmtics commands converts the x axis tic marks to months of
the years where 1=Jan and 12=Dec. Overflows are converted modulo 12
to months.
Examples:
set xmtics
Sets x axis tics into months.
The set ymtics set zmtics and set noymtics set nozmtics commands
work identically.
See also the set format command.
set xzeroaxis draws the x-axis. By default, this option is on.
set noxzeroaxis causes GNUPLOT to omit the x-axis.
Syntax:
set xzeroaxis
set noxzeroaxis
show xzeroaxis
The set ylabel command sets the y-axis label. The position of this
label depends on the terminal, and can be one of the following three
positions (the position can be adjusted with optional parameters).
1. Horizontal text flushed left at the top left of the plot. Terminals that cannot rotate text will probably use this method.
2. Vertical text centered vertically at the left of the plot. Terminals that can rotate text will probably use this method.
3. Horizontal text centered vertically at the left of the plot. The EEPIC, LaTeX and TPIC drivers use this method. The user must insert line breaks using \\ to prevent the ylabel from overwriting the plot. To produce a vertical row of characters, add \\ between every printing character (but this is ugly).
Syntax:
set ylabel {"<label>"} {<xoff>}{,<yoff>}
show ylabel
With no parameters, the label is cleared. Specifying constants <xoff> or <yoff> as optional offsets for the label will move the label <xoff> or <yoff> character screen coordinates. For example,
set ylabel -1
will change only the x offset of the ylabel, moving the label roughly one character width left of its default position. This is especially useful with the LaTeX driver.
(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow \\ in a string to specify a newline.)
The set yrange command sets the vertical range that will be
displayed. This command turns y axis autoscaling off.
This range may also be specified on the plot command line.
Syntax:
set yrange [{<ymin> : <ymax>}]
where <ymin> and <ymax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <ymin> and <ymax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set yrange [:10]
changes ymax to 10 without affecting ymin.
The set ytics and set noytics commands are similar to the set xtics
and set noxtics commands. Please see set xtics.
The set ydtics and set noydtics commands are similar to the set xdtics
and set noxdtics commands. Please see set xdtics.
The set ymtics and set noymtics commands are similar to the set xmtics
and set noxmtics commands. Please see set xmtics.
set yzeroaxis draws the y-axis. By default, this option is on.
set noyzeroaxis causes GNUPLOT to omit the y-axis.
Syntax:
set yzeroaxis
set noyzeroaxis
show yzeroaxis
The zero value is the default threshold for values approaching 0.0.
GNUPLOT will not plot a point if its imaginary part is greater in
magnitude than the zero threshold. Axis ranges cannot be less than
zero. The default zero value is 1e-8. This can be changed with
the set zero command.
Syntax:
set zero <expression>
show zero
set zeroaxis draws the x-axis and y-axis. By default, this option is
on. set nozeroaxis causes GNUPLOT to omit the axes, and is
equivalent to set noxzeroaxis; set noyzeroaxis.
Syntax:
set zeroaxis
set nozeroaxis
show zeroaxis
See set xzeroaxis and set yzeroaxis.
The set zlabel command sets the z-axis label that is centered along
the z axis. Using the optional x,y screen offsets, the label can be
placed anywhere on the plot. set zlabel with no parameters clears
the label.
Syntax:
set zlabel {"<label>"} {<xoff>}{,<yoff>}
show zlabel
Specifying constants <xoff> or <yoff> as optional offsets for the label will move the label <xoff> or <yoff> character screen coordinates. For example,
set zlabel ,1
will change only the y offset of the zlabel, moving the label roughly one character height up.
The zlabel will be drawn whenever surfaces or contours are plotted, in the space above the grid level.
(The EEPIC, Imagen, LaTeX, and TPIC drivers allow \\ in a string to specify a newline.)
The set zrange command sets the vertical range that will be
displayed. This command turns z axis autoscaling off. The zrange is
used only by splot and is ignored by plot.
This range may also be specified on the splot command line.
Syntax:
set zrange [{<zmin> : <zmax>}]
where <zmin> and <zmax> terms are constants or expressions.
Both the <zmin> and <zmax> terms are optional. Anything omitted will not be changed, so
set zrange [2:]
changes zmin to 2 without affecting zmax.
The set ztics and set noztics commands are similar to the
set xtics and set noxtics commands. Please see set xtics.
The set zdtics and set nozdtics commands are similar to the
set xdtics and set noxdtics commands. Please see set xdtics.
The set zmtics and set nozmtics commands are similar to the
set xmtics and set noxmtics commands. Please see set xmtics.
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